MCQs 1–25: Basic Biology & Human Anatomy
1. Which organelle is known as the powerhouse of the cell?
- A) Ribosome
- B) Golgi apparatus
- C) Mitochondria
- D) Endoplasmic reticulum
2. Which type of joint is found in the shoulder?
- A) Hinge joint
- B) Ball and socket joint
- C) Pivot joint
- D) Fixed joint
3. Which blood cells help in clotting?
- A) RBCs
- B) WBCs
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
4. What is the functional unit of the kidney?
- A) Neuron
- B) Nephron
- C) Alveoli
- D) Glomerulus
5. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla oblongata
- D) Hypothalamus
6. Which vitamin is mainly synthesized in the skin using sunlight?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin B12
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin D
7. What is the largest organ in the human body?
- A) Liver
- B) Brain
- C) Skin
- D) Lungs
8. Which blood group is a universal donor?
- A) AB+
- B) O−
- C) B+
- D) A−
9. How many pairs of ribs are there in the human body?
- A) 10
- B) 12
- C) 14
- D) 11
10. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
- A) Cornea
- B) Retina
- C) Iris
- D) Lens
11. What is the normal human body temperature in Celsius?
- A) 37°C
- B) 36°C
- C) 38°C
- D) 39°C
12. What is the main function of white blood cells?
- A) Oxygen transport
- B) Blood clotting
- C) Fight infection
- D) Carry hormones
13. Which organ regulates blood sugar by releasing insulin?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Kidney
- D) Gallbladder
14. Which gas is most abundant in the atmosphere?
- A) Nitrogen
- B) Oxygen
- C) Carbon dioxide
- D) Hydrogen
15. Hemoglobin is found in:
- A) Plasma
- B) Platelets
- C) White blood cells
- D) Red blood cells
MCQs 26–50: Human Physiology & Cell Biology
26. Which organ removes nitrogenous waste from the blood?
- A) Liver
- B) Lungs
- C) Kidneys
- D) Pancreas
27. What is the normal pH range of human blood?
- A) 6.8–7.0
- B) 7.35–7.45
- C) 7.8–8.0
- D) 6.0–6.5
28. Which type of muscle is involuntary and found in the walls of internal organs?
- A) Skeletal muscle
- B) Cardiac muscle
- C) Smooth muscle
- D) Voluntary muscle
29. DNA is mainly found in which part of the cell?
- A) Ribosomes
- B) Cytoplasm
- C) Nucleus
- D) Cell membrane
30. Which of the following is not a part of the respiratory system?
- A) Trachea
- B) Lungs
- C) Bronchi
- D) Esophagus
31. Which structure connects muscles to bones?
- A) Ligaments
- B) Cartilage
- C) Tendons
- D) Joints
32. Which blood component fights infections?
- A) Red blood cells
- B) Platelets
- C) Plasma
- D) White blood cells
33. What is the main function of the large intestine?
- A) Absorb nutrients
- B) Digest proteins
- C) Absorb water
- D) Store bile
34. Which enzyme is responsible for the digestion of proteins in the stomach?
- A) Amylase
- B) Lipase
- C) Pepsin
- D) Trypsin
35. Which hormone regulates the sugar level in the blood?
- A) Adrenaline
- B) Thyroxine
- C) Insulin
- D) Estrogen
36. The smallest bone in the human body is located in the:
- A) Nose
- B) Finger
- C) Ear
- D) Foot
37. Which element is most abundant in the human body?
- A) Carbon
- B) Oxygen
- C) Nitrogen
- D) Calcium
38. Which structure prevents food from entering the windpipe?
- A) Larynx
- B) Trachea
- C) Epiglottis
- D) Esophagus
39. What is the fluid part of blood called?
- A) Serum
- B) Plasma
- C) Platelet
- D) Lymph
40. Which part of the digestive system absorbs nutrients?
- A) Stomach
- B) Large intestine
- C) Small intestine
- D) Esophagus
41. How many chambers are there in a human heart?
- A) 2
- B) 3
- C) 4
- D) 5
42. Which mineral is essential for blood clotting?
- A) Iron
- B) Sodium
- C) Calcium
- D) Magnesium
43. Which organ produces bile?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Liver
- C) Gallbladder
- D) Small intestine
44. What is the basic unit of life?
- A) Atom
- B) Tissue
- C) Cell
- D) Organelle
45. Which part of the brain regulates breathing and heart rate?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Medulla oblongata
- C) Hypothalamus
- D) Pons
46. Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin K
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin C
47. What is the structural and functional unit of the nervous system?
- A) Axon
- B) Neuron
- C) Dendrite
- D) Myelin
48. Which part of the cell is responsible for protein synthesis?
- A) Nucleus
- B) Golgi body
- C) Ribosome
- D) Lysosome
49. What is the normal human body temperature in Celsius?
- A) 37°C
- B) 36°C
- C) 38°C
- D) 39°C
50. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood and forming urine?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Kidney
- D) Lungs
MCQs 51–75: General Medical Science & Organ Functions
51. Which system in the body is responsible for transporting oxygen?
- A) Circulatory system
- B) Nervous system
- C) Digestive system
- D) Lymphatic system
52. What is the name of the pigment that gives red blood cells their color?
- A) Myoglobin
- B) Hemoglobin
- C) Melanin
- D) Keratin
53. Which gland is called the "master gland"?
- A) Thyroid gland
- B) Pituitary gland
- C) Adrenal gland
- D) Pineal gland
54. Which part of the brain is responsible for memory and intelligence?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Brainstem
- D) Thalamus
55. Which organ stores bile?
- A) Liver
- B) Gallbladder
- C) Pancreas
- D) Kidney
56. Which white blood cells produce antibodies?
- A) Neutrophils
- B) Monocytes
- C) Lymphocytes
- D) Eosinophils
57. What is the name of the process by which cells divide?
- A) Fusion
- B) Mitosis
- C) Diffusion
- D) Osmosis
58. The largest artery in the body is:
- A) Aorta
- B) Vena cava
- C) Pulmonary artery
- D) Carotid artery
59. Which organ is responsible for the production of insulin?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Pancreas
- D) Spleen
60. What is the name of the protein that helps in blood clotting?
- A) Albumin
- B) Hemoglobin
- C) Globulin
- D) Fibrin
61. Which bone protects the brain?
- A) Spine
- B) Rib cage
- C) Skull
- D) Femur
62. What is the average volume of blood in a human body?
- A) 3–4 liters
- B) 5–6 liters
- C) 7–8 liters
- D) 2–3 liters
63. Which vitamin is needed for calcium absorption?
- A) Vitamin C
- B) Vitamin K
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin A
64. The windpipe is also known as:
- A) Trachea
- B) Larynx
- C) Bronchus
- D) Pharynx
65. The sense of balance is controlled by which part of the ear?
- A) Ear drum
- B) Cochlea
- C) Semicircular canals
- D) Ossicles
66. Which hormone is produced by the thyroid gland?
- A) Thyroxine
- B) Insulin
- C) Adrenaline
- D) Cortisol
67. What is the function of red blood cells?
- A) Defense
- B) Clotting
- C) Transport oxygen
- D) Produce hormones
68. Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxifying chemicals and drugs?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Stomach
- D) Intestine
69. Which gas is exhaled during respiration?
- A) Oxygen
- B) Carbon dioxide
- C) Nitrogen
- D) Hydrogen
70. Which part of the skeleton protects the heart and lungs?
- A) Rib cage
- B) Skull
- C) Pelvis
- D) Spine
71. Which organ in the body filters and cleans the blood?
- A) Liver
- B) Lungs
- C) Kidneys
- D) Intestines
72. Which type of blood vessel carries blood away from the heart?
- A) Veins
- B) Arteries
- C) Capillaries
- D) Venules
73. Which gland regulates metabolism?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Pituitary
- C) Adrenal
- D) Parathyroid
74. Which part of the digestive system comes after the stomach?
- A) Large intestine
- B) Small intestine
- C) Esophagus
- D) Liver
75. Which system helps protect the body from disease?
- A) Respiratory system
- B) Circulatory system
- C) Digestive system
- D) Immune system
MCQs 76–100: Medical Science Essentials
76. Which blood group is a universal recipient?
- A) O−
- B) A+
- C) AB+
- D) B−
77. Which bone is also called the collar bone?
- A) Scapula
- B) Clavicle
- C) Sternum
- D) Tibia
78. What is the name of the fluid that surrounds the brain?
- A) Plasma
- B) Cerebrospinal fluid
- C) Synovial fluid
- D) Lymph
79. Which organ controls the endocrine system?
- A) Adrenal gland
- B) Pituitary gland
- C) Thyroid gland
- D) Hypothalamus
80. Which vitamin is essential for night vision?
- A) Vitamin D
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin K
81. Which part of the cell contains digestive enzymes?
- A) Ribosome
- B) Mitochondria
- C) Lysosome
- D) Golgi apparatus
82. Which disease is caused by deficiency of insulin?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Diabetes mellitus
- C) Anemia
- D) Rickets
83. Which organ secretes digestive enzymes and hormones?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Gallbladder
- D) Kidney
84. Which part of the brain controls voluntary movements?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla
- D) Brainstem
85. What type of tissue connects bone to bone?
- A) Tendon
- B) Ligament
- C) Cartilage
- D) Muscle tissue
86. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs?
- A) Aorta
- B) Pulmonary vein
- C) Pulmonary artery
- D) Vena cava
87. Which gland secretes melatonin?
- A) Pituitary
- B) Thyroid
- C) Adrenal
- D) Pineal
88. Which organ is responsible for oxygen exchange with the blood?
- A) Heart
- B) Lungs
- C) Liver
- D) Kidney
89. Which vitamin prevents scurvy?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin K
90. What is the normal pulse rate of a human?
- A) 40–60 bpm
- B) 60–100 bpm
- C) 90–120 bpm
- D) 110–140 bpm
91. What is the structural and functional unit of the lungs?
- A) Alveoli
- B) Bronchi
- C) Bronchioles
- D) Capillaries
92. Which part of the ear is responsible for hearing?
- A) Semicircular canals
- B) Ear drum
- C) Cochlea
- D) Ossicles
93. What is the scientific name for red blood cells?
- A) Leucocytes
- B) Platelets
- C) Erythrocytes
- D) Lymphocytes
94. Which part of the body contains the femur?
- A) Arm
- B) Leg
- C) Spine
- D) Chest
95. Which chamber of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
- A) Left atrium
- B) Left ventricle
- C) Right atrium
- D) Right ventricle
96. Which type of cells carry oxygen in the body?
- A) WBCs
- B) RBCs
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
97. Which part of the body contains the radius and ulna?
- A) Arm
- B) Leg
- C) Neck
- D) Chest
98. What is the primary function of the immune system?
- A) Transport oxygen
- B) Digest food
- C) Pump blood
- D) Protect against disease
99. What type of cell division produces gametes?
- A) Meiosis
- B) Mitosis
- C) Binary fission
- D) Budding
100. Which enzyme begins digestion in the mouth?
- A) Pepsin
- B) Amylase
- C) Lipase
- D) Trypsin
MCQs 101–125: Advanced Medical Understanding
101. The functional unit of the kidney is:
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Nephron
- C) Tubule
- D) Bowman’s capsule
102. Which blood component helps in clotting?
- A) RBC
- B) WBC
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
103. Which vitamin is synthesized by sunlight?
- A) Vitamin C
- B) Vitamin B12
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin A
104. The primary function of hemoglobin is:
- A) Transport oxygen
- B) Fight infection
- C) Blood clotting
- D) Produce hormones
105. Which part of the nervous system controls involuntary actions?
- A) Somatic nervous system
- B) Autonomic nervous system
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Motor cortex
106. What is the shape of the red blood cell?
- A) Round and flat
- B) Biconcave
- C) Spherical
- D) Oval
107. What is the largest gland in the human body?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Thyroid
- C) Liver
- D) Pituitary
108. Which organ has both endocrine and exocrine functions?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Pancreas
- D) Lungs
109. Which hormone controls blood sugar levels?
- A) Thyroxine
- B) Insulin
- C) Estrogen
- D) Cortisol
110. Which structure connects muscles to bones?
- A) Ligaments
- B) Tendons
- C) Cartilage
- D) Nerves
111. What is the normal pH of human blood?
- A) 6.8
- B) 7.0
- C) 7.4
- D) 8.0
112. Which type of joint is found in the knee?
- A) Ball and socket
- B) Hinge joint
- C) Pivot joint
- D) Gliding joint
113. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
- A) Lens
- B) Retina
- C) Iris
- D) Cornea
114. Which part of the brain regulates breathing and heart rate?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Medulla oblongata
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Hypothalamus
115. The hormone adrenaline is secreted by:
- A) Thyroid gland
- B) Adrenal gland
- C) Pituitary gland
- D) Pancreas
116. What is the main function of white blood cells?
- A) Transport oxygen
- B) Clot blood
- C) Fight infection
- D) Carry nutrients
117. What does DNA stand for?
- A) Deoxyribonitric acid
- B) Deoxyribonitrite acid
- C) Deoxyribonucleic acid
- D) Dextroribonucleic acid
118. Which part of the digestive system absorbs nutrients?
- A) Stomach
- B) Large intestine
- C) Small intestine
- D) Rectum
119. Which structure protects the lungs?
- A) Spine
- B) Rib cage
- C) Skull
- D) Pelvis
120. Which part of the body has the most sweat glands?
- A) Palm
- B) Back
- C) Chest
- D) Forearm
121. Where is bile produced?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Gallbladder
- D) Intestine
122. Which cells are responsible for bone formation?
- A) Osteoclasts
- B) Osteoblasts
- C) Chondrocytes
- D) Fibroblasts
123. What is the scientific name of the voice box?
- A) Pharynx
- B) Trachea
- C) Larynx
- D) Esophagus
124. The pacemaker of the heart is:
- A) AV Node
- B) SA Node
- C) Bundle of His
- D) Purkinje fibers
125. Which hormone regulates sleep-wake cycles?
- A) Serotonin
- B) Cortisol
- C) Dopamine
- D) Melatonin
MCQs 126–150: Human Body Systems & Health
126. Which mineral is essential for healthy teeth and bones?
- A) Iron
- B) Calcium
- C) Potassium
- D) Zinc
127. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood?
- A) Kidney
- B) Liver
- C) Spleen
- D) Pancreas
128. What is the role of the trachea?
- A) Pump blood
- B) Conduct air to lungs
- C) Digest food
- D) Remove toxins
129. Which part of the brain is responsible for balance?
- A) Medulla
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Cerebrum
- D) Hypothalamus
130. Which part of the ear maintains body balance?
- A) Cochlea
- B) Ear drum
- C) Semicircular canals
- D) Ossicles
131. The tube connecting kidney to bladder is called:
- A) Urethra
- B) Ureter
- C) Vas deferens
- D) Fallopian tube
132. What is the term for low hemoglobin levels?
- A) Anemia
- B) Leukemia
- C) Hemophilia
- D) Thrombosis
133. Which structure separates thoracic and abdominal cavity?
- A) Rib cage
- B) Diaphragm
- C) Liver
- D) Peritoneum
134. Which blood cells help fight infections?
- A) White blood cells
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
135. Which bone protects the brain?
- A) Mandible
- B) Skull
- C) Spine
- D) Ribs
136. Which hormone regulates water balance in the body?
- A) Adrenaline
- B) ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)
- C) Insulin
- D) Oxytocin
137. The outermost layer of the skin is called:
- A) Dermis
- B) Hypodermis
- C) Epidermis
- D) Subcutaneous
138. What is the primary component of human hair and nails?
- A) Collagen
- B) Keratin
- C) Elastin
- D) Calcium
139. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
- A) Vitamin C
- B) Vitamin K
- C) Vitamin A
- D) Vitamin D
140. Which body system is responsible for producing hormones?
- A) Nervous system
- B) Endocrine system
- C) Digestive system
- D) Circulatory system
141. Where are the Islets of Langerhans found?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Kidney
- D) Thyroid
142. Which blood group is universal donor?
- A) O−
- B) AB+
- C) B−
- D) A+
143. Which hormone is also called the "stress hormone"?
- A) Insulin
- B) Cortisol
- C) Estrogen
- D) Testosterone
144. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
- A) Arteries
- B) Veins
- C) Capillaries
- D) Venules
145. Which part of the digestive system stores bile?
- A) Liver
- B) Gallbladder
- C) Pancreas
- D) Intestine
146. What is the average temperature of the human body?
- A) 36.0°C
- B) 37.0°C
- C) 38.0°C
- D) 39.0°C
147. Which enzyme breaks down proteins in the stomach?
- A) Amylase
- B) Pepsin
- C) Lipase
- D) Trypsin
148. Which part of the body regulates body temperature?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Medulla
- C) Hypothalamus
- D) Thalamus
149. What is the largest bone in the human body?
- A) Humerus
- B) Tibia
- C) Femur
- D) Radius
150. Which gland is known as the master gland?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Pituitary
- C) Adrenal
- D) Pineal
MCQs 151–175: Anatomy, Physiology & General Medical Knowledge
151. Which vitamin helps in vision?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin C
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin B1
152. The basic unit of the nervous system is:
- A) Neuron
- B) Nerve
- C) Brain
- D) Axon
153. Which gland secretes insulin?
- A) Adrenal
- B) Pancreas
- C) Pituitary
- D) Thyroid
154. Which disease is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D?
- A) Scurvy
- B) Anemia
- C) Rickets
- D) Beriberi
155. The smallest bone in the human body is:
- A) Stapes
- B) Malleus
- C) Ulna
- D) Tibia
156. Blood is filtered in the kidney by:
- A) Ureter
- B) Tubules
- C) Glomerulus
- D) Calyx
157. Red blood cells are formed in:
- A) Bone marrow
- B) Liver
- C) Kidney
- D) Spleen
158. Which enzyme is found in saliva?
- A) Amylase
- B) Lipase
- C) Pepsin
- D) Trypsin
159. Which structure connects the two hemispheres of the brain?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Corpus callosum
- C) Thalamus
- D) Medulla
160. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood?
- A) Right atrium
- B) Left atrium
- C) Right ventricle
- D) Pulmonary artery
161. The longest part of the alimentary canal is:
- A) Large intestine
- B) Small intestine
- C) Esophagus
- D) Stomach
162. How many bones are in the adult human body?
- A) 200
- B) 205
- C) 206
- D) 210
163. Which part of the brain controls emotions?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Medulla
- C) Limbic system
- D) Cerebellum
164. What is the main component of blood plasma?
- A) Water
- B) Protein
- C) Salts
- D) Glucose
165. Which disease affects the lungs?
- A) Hepatitis
- B) Pneumonia
- C) Jaundice
- D) Meningitis
166. The study of tissues is called:
- A) Anatomy
- B) Cytology
- C) Histology
- D) Embryology
167. What does ECG stand for?
- A) Electrocardiogram
- B) Electron Cardiac Graph
- C) Electrocardiograph
- D) Electric Circulatory Grid
168. Which is the largest artery in the body?
- A) Pulmonary artery
- B) Aorta
- C) Carotid
- D) Femoral artery
169. Which white blood cell produces antibodies?
- A) Monocytes
- B) Lymphocytes
- C) Neutrophils
- D) Basophils
170. Where are red blood cells destroyed?
- A) Liver
- B) Bone marrow
- C) Spleen
- D) Lymph nodes
171. What is the function of bile in digestion?
- A) Breaks down proteins
- B) Emulsifies fats
- C) Digests carbohydrates
- D) Absorbs water
172. Which hormone stimulates milk production?
- A) Oxytocin
- B) Prolactin
- C) Estrogen
- D) LH
173. Which part of the neuron receives signals?
- A) Dendrites
- B) Axon
- C) Synapse
- D) Nucleus
174. Which organ is affected by hepatitis?
- A) Kidney
- B) Lungs
- C) Liver
- D) Heart
175. Which vitamin is produced by bacteria in the intestines?
- A) Vitamin K
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin D
MCQs 176–200: General Physiology & Medical Science
176. What is the function of hemoglobin?
- A) Clotting of blood
- B) Transport of oxygen
- C) Digestion of proteins
- D) Fighting infections
177. Which organ produces bile?
- A) Liver
- B) Gallbladder
- C) Stomach
- D) Pancreas
178. What is the shape of red blood cells?
- A) Oval
- B) Biconcave
- C) Spherical
- D) Flat
179. Which structure regulates heartbeat?
- A) Aorta
- B) SA node
- C) AV valve
- D) Pulmonary vein
180. Where is the pituitary gland located?
- A) Behind the kidneys
- B) In the abdomen
- C) At the base of the brain
- D) Near the heart
181. Which blood vessels have valves?
- A) Arteries
- B) Veins
- C) Capillaries
- D) Arterioles
182. What type of joint is the knee joint?
- A) Hinge joint
- B) Ball and socket
- C) Pivot joint
- D) Saddle joint
183. Which blood group is the universal recipient?
- A) O+
- B) O−
- C) AB+
- D) B+
184. Which part of the eye regulates the amount of light entering?
- A) Retina
- B) Iris
- C) Cornea
- D) Lens
185. The structural and functional unit of the kidney is:
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Nephron
- C) Bowman’s capsule
- D) Loop of Henle
186. Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?
- A) Stomach
- B) Small intestine
- C) Large intestine
- D) Esophagus
187. The part of the brain that controls breathing is:
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla oblongata
- D) Pons
188. Which organ removes old red blood cells?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Spleen
- D) Bone marrow
189. The tube connecting the mouth to the stomach is:
- A) Trachea
- B) Intestine
- C) Esophagus
- D) Larynx
190. Which part of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
- A) Left ventricle
- B) Right ventricle
- C) Left atrium
- D) Right atrium
191. The outer layer of the heart is called:
- A) Pericardium
- B) Endocardium
- C) Myocardium
- D) Epicardium
192. Which vitamin is essential for calcium absorption?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin K
- D) Vitamin B12
193. What is the function of platelets?
- A) Help in blood clotting
- B) Fight infections
- C) Carry oxygen
- D) Transport hormones
194. The disease "diabetes" is associated with:
- A) Insulin
- B) Thyroxine
- C) Estrogen
- D) Cortisol
195. Which organ regulates sugar in the blood?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Kidney
- D) Spleen
196. The human skull consists of how many bones?
- A) 20
- B) 21
- C) 22
- D) 24
197. What is the function of the diaphragm?
- A) Pump blood
- B) Help in breathing
- C) Filter blood
- D) Absorb nutrients
198. Which of these is a viral disease?
- A) Influenza
- B) Tuberculosis
- C) Typhoid
- D) Cholera
199. The function of alveoli in lungs is:
- A) Gas exchange
- B) Sound production
- C) Pumping blood
- D) Filtration of air
200. Which blood cells carry oxygen?
- A) White blood cells
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma cells
MCQs 201–225: Medical Fundamentals & Human Physiology
201. Which part of the brain is responsible for balance and coordination?
- A) Medulla
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Cerebrum
- D) Thalamus
202. Which blood component helps in clotting?
- A) RBCs
- B) WBCs
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
203. The average human body temperature is:
- A) 96.5°F
- B) 99.4°F
- C) 98.9°F
- D) 98.6°F
204. Which of the following is a connective tissue?
- A) Skin
- B) Liver
- C) Cartilage
- D) Kidney
205. The functional unit of lungs is:
- A) Bronchus
- B) Trachea
- C) Bronchiole
- D) Alveolus
206. The master gland of the endocrine system is:
- A) Pituitary gland
- B) Adrenal gland
- C) Thyroid gland
- D) Pancreas
207. The voice box is also known as:
- A) Pharynx
- B) Larynx
- C) Trachea
- D) Bronchus
208. Which blood cell defends against infection?
- A) RBC
- B) WBC
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
209. The total number of ribs in human body is:
- A) 10 pairs
- B) 11 pairs
- C) 12 pairs
- D) 13 pairs
210. Which part of the brain controls voluntary actions?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Medulla
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Hypothalamus
211. Which part of blood carries hormones?
- A) RBCs
- B) WBCs
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
212. Which system controls body activities with hormones?
- A) Endocrine system
- B) Circulatory system
- C) Digestive system
- D) Nervous system
213. What is the largest part of the human brain?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla
- D) Pons
214. Which gland regulates metabolism?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Pituitary
- C) Pancreas
- D) Adrenal
215. What is the function of the large intestine?
- A) Digestion of proteins
- B) Absorption of fats
- C) Enzyme secretion
- D) Water absorption
216. The number of vertebrae in the spine is:
- A) 30
- B) 33
- C) 28
- D) 36
217. What is the powerhouse of the cell?
- A) Mitochondria
- B) Nucleus
- C) Ribosome
- D) Golgi apparatus
218. What gives red blood cells their color?
- A) Plasma
- B) Hemoglobin
- C) Iron
- D) Oxygen
219. The main excretory organ of the body is:
- A) Skin
- B) Lungs
- C) Kidney
- D) Liver
220. What is the normal pH of blood?
- A) 6.8
- B) 7.4
- C) 8.0
- D) 7.0
221. Which organ stores bile?
- A) Liver
- B) Gallbladder
- C) Pancreas
- D) Intestine
222. Which structure filters waste from blood in kidneys?
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Ureter
- C) Nephron
- D) Calyx
223. Which vitamin is essential for night vision?
- A) Vitamin C
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin E
224. Which part of the body contains the femur?
- A) Arm
- B) Spine
- C) Thigh
- D) Chest
225. Which hormone helps reduce blood sugar?
- A) Glucagon
- B) Insulin
- C) Cortisol
- D) Thyroxine
MCQs 226–250: Advanced Medical Concepts
226. Which is the longest bone in the human body?
- A) Tibia
- B) Humerus
- C) Femur
- D) Radius
227. Which gland secretes growth hormone?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Pituitary
- C) Pancreas
- D) Adrenal
228. The total number of bones in the adult human body is:
- A) 205
- B) 206
- C) 207
- D) 208
229. Which type of joint is found in the shoulder?
- A) Hinge
- B) Pivot
- C) Ball and socket
- D) Gliding
230. Which vitamin prevents scurvy?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin C
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin K
231. Which organ produces insulin?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Kidney
- D) Gallbladder
232. Hemophilia is a genetic disorder related to:
- A) Immunity
- B) Digestion
- C) Blood clotting
- D) Bone formation
233. Which enzyme is present in saliva?
- A) Amylase
- B) Lipase
- C) Protease
- D) Pepsin
234. The bone that protects the brain is called:
- A) Skull
- B) Rib cage
- C) Vertebrae
- D) Pelvis
235. Which gas is exchanged in the lungs?
- A) Oxygen and Carbon dioxide
- B) Oxygen and Nitrogen
- C) Carbon dioxide and Helium
- D) Nitrogen and Argon
236. Which part of the heart receives oxygenated blood?
- A) Right atrium
- B) Right ventricle
- C) Left atrium
- D) Pulmonary artery
237. The organ that regulates water balance is:
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Pancreas
- D) Lungs
238. How many chambers are there in the human heart?
- A) 2
- B) 4
- C) 3
- D) 5
239. Which part of the brain controls emotions?
- A) Medulla
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Limbic system
- D) Thalamus
240. Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
- A) Vitamin K
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin E
241. What type of blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
- A) Arteries
- B) Veins
- C) Capillaries
- D) Venules
242. Which structure protects the lungs and heart?
- A) Rib cage
- B) Skull
- C) Spine
- D) Diaphragm
243. Which of the following is an involuntary muscle?
- A) Biceps
- B) Heart muscle
- C) Triceps
- D) Deltoid
244. The hormone that increases heart rate is:
- A) Insulin
- B) Adrenaline
- C) Estrogen
- D) Thyroxine
245. The white part of the eye is called:
- A) Retina
- B) Sclera
- C) Cornea
- D) Iris
246. Which part of the ear is involved in balance?
- A) Semicircular canals
- B) Cochlea
- C) Eardrum
- D) Ossicles
247. Which organ is primarily responsible for detoxification?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Lungs
- D) Skin
248. What connects muscles to bones?
- A) Ligaments
- B) Tendons
- C) Cartilage
- D) Fascia
249. The hardest substance in the human body is:
- A) Bone
- B) Tooth enamel
- C) Cartilage
- D) Ligament
250. Which part of the body contains the humerus bone?
- A) Leg
- B) Arm
- C) Spine
- D) Head
MCQs 251–300: Applied Physiology, Pathology & Pharmacology
251. Which blood group is known as the universal donor?
- A) O negative
- B) AB positive
- C) A negative
- D) B positive
252. The unit of heredity is:
- A) Chromosome
- B) Gene
- C) DNA
- D) RNA
253. Which part of the eye is responsible for vision in dim light?
- A) Cones
- B) Rods
- C) Iris
- D) Cornea
254. The outer layer of skin is called:
- A) Dermis
- B) Epidermis
- C) Hypodermis
- D) Endodermis
255. Which organ is affected by hepatitis?
- A) Kidney
- B) Heart
- C) Liver
- D) Lungs
256. What is the term for low hemoglobin levels?
- A) Leukopenia
- B) Anemia
- C) Polycythemia
- D) Thrombosis
257. Which is the primary organ of the circulatory system?
- A) Heart
- B) Lungs
- C) Brain
- D) Liver
258. The smallest bone in the human body is:
- A) Nasal
- B) Stapes
- C) Phalanges
- D) Radius
259. What is the basic structural unit of the kidney?
- A) Nephron
- B) Glomerulus
- C) Cortex
- D) Tubule
260. What does ECG measure?
- A) Lung volume
- B) Brain activity
- C) Electrical activity of heart
- D) Blood pressure
261. Which element is necessary for blood clotting?
- A) Iron
- B) Calcium
- C) Sodium
- D) Iodine
262. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin by sunlight?
- A) Vitamin D
- B) Vitamin B12
- C) Vitamin K
- D) Vitamin A
263. Which organ excretes urea?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Lung
- D) Intestine
264. Diabetes mellitus is caused by the deficiency of:
- A) Thyroxine
- B) Adrenaline
- C) Insulin
- D) Estrogen
265. Which organ regulates blood sugar level?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Liver
- C) Kidney
- D) Thyroid
266. Which blood cell carries oxygen?
- A) Red blood cells
- B) White blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
267. Which disease is caused by deficiency of iodine?
- A) Rickets
- B) Scurvy
- C) Goiter
- D) Anemia
268. What is the function of white blood cells?
- A) Fight infection
- B) Carry oxygen
- C) Blood clotting
- D) Provide nutrients
269. Which part of the brain controls heartbeat and breathing?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla oblongata
- D) Thalamus
270. Which hormone is secreted during stress?
- A) Insulin
- B) Adrenaline
- C) Glucagon
- D) Progesterone
271. Which mineral is essential for thyroid hormone production?
- A) Iodine
- B) Calcium
- C) Phosphorus
- D) Iron
272. What is the pH range of human blood?
- A) 6.5–6.9
- B) 7.8–8.0
- C) 7.35–7.45
- D) 8.1–8.5
273. Which vitamin deficiency causes rickets?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin E
- D) Vitamin C
274. Which part of the neuron receives signals?
- A) Dendrites
- B) Axon
- C) Cell body
- D) Synapse
275. Which blood vessels carry blood to the heart?
- A) Veins
- B) Arteries
- C) Capillaries
- D) Venules
276. The hormone oxytocin is associated with:
- A) Digestion
- B) Childbirth and lactation
- C) Stress
- D) Blood pressure
277. The smallest unit of life is:
- A) Cell
- B) Tissue
- C) Organ
- D) Nucleus
278. Which disease affects the alveoli of the lungs?
- A) Pneumonia
- B) Hepatitis
- C) Arthritis
- D) Nephritis
279. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to lungs?
- A) Pulmonary artery
- B) Pulmonary vein
- C) Aorta
- D) Vena cava
280. What is the process of removing metabolic wastes from the body?
- A) Respiration
- B) Digestion
- C) Excretion
- D) Absorption
281. What is the primary function of red bone marrow?
- A) Blood cell formation
- B) Calcium storage
- C) Energy production
- D) Hormone secretion
282. Which part of the brain controls thirst and hunger?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Hypothalamus
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Pons
MCQs 301–350: Human Anatomy, Diseases, and Biochemistry
301. Which hormone is responsible for lowering blood glucose?
- A) Insulin
- B) Glucagon
- C) Cortisol
- D) Adrenaline
302. Which component of blood is responsible for clotting?
- A) RBCs
- B) WBCs
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
303. The largest artery in the human body is:
- A) Pulmonary artery
- B) Aorta
- C) Carotid artery
- D) Femoral artery
304. Which part of the body contains alveoli?
- A) Liver
- B) Lungs
- C) Kidneys
- D) Brain
305. What is the main function of hemoglobin?
- A) Clotting
- B) Oxygen transport
- C) Immunity
- D) Digestion
306. What type of cell is responsible for producing antibodies?
- A) Red blood cells
- B) Platelets
- C) B lymphocytes
- D) Macrophages
307. Which vitamin is essential for vision?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin E
308. The main structural protein in skin is:
- A) Keratin
- B) Collagen
- C) Elastin
- D) Actin
309. Which is a non-communicable disease?
- A) Influenza
- B) Diabetes
- C) Tuberculosis
- D) Hepatitis
310. The function of bile in digestion is:
- A) Digest proteins
- B) Emulsify fats
- C) Break carbohydrates
- D) Digest minerals
311. Which of the following is a viral disease?
- A) Malaria
- B) Measles
- C) Typhoid
- D) Cholera
312. Which organ produces bile?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Liver
- C) Gallbladder
- D) Stomach
313. Which cells are responsible for blood clotting?
- A) WBCs
- B) Platelets
- C) RBCs
- D) Plasma
314. How many pairs of ribs are there in the human body?
- A) 10
- B) 12
- C) 14
- D) 13
315. Which blood group is known as the universal recipient?
- A) O+
- B) A+
- C) AB+
- D) B+
316. Which enzyme breaks down proteins in the stomach?
- A) Pepsin
- B) Amylase
- C) Lipase
- D) Maltase
317. The functional unit of the liver is:
- A) Nephron
- B) Lobule
- C) Alveolus
- D) Villus
318. Which system is responsible for producing hormones?
- A) Nervous system
- B) Endocrine system
- C) Respiratory system
- D) Skeletal system
319. Which organ is part of both the digestive and endocrine system?
- A) Liver
- B) Pancreas
- C) Gallbladder
- D) Appendix
320. What is the medical term for red blood cells?
- A) Leukocytes
- B) Thrombocytes
- C) Erythrocytes
- D) Lymphocytes
321. Which organ controls reflex actions?
- A) Spinal cord
- B) Brain
- C) Cerebellum
- D) Hypothalamus
322. Which substance helps in the clotting of blood?
- A) Albumin
- B) Fibrinogen
- C) Hemoglobin
- D) Myosin
323. Which type of muscle is found in the walls of internal organs?
- A) Skeletal
- B) Smooth
- C) Cardiac
- D) Voluntary
324. Which gland is known as the master gland?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Adrenal
- C) Pituitary
- D) Pineal
325. The vertebral column protects the:
- A) Brain
- B) Heart
- C) Lungs
- D) Spinal cord
326. What is the fluid part of blood called?
- A) Serum
- B) Hemoglobin
- C) Plasma
- D) Lymph
327. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood?
- A) Kidney
- B) Liver
- C) Lungs
- D) Intestine
328. Which part of the cell contains genetic material?
- A) Cytoplasm
- B) Mitochondria
- C) Ribosome
- D) Nucleus
329. What is the total number of chromosomes in human cells?
- A) 44
- B) 23
- C) 46
- D) 22
330. What type of immunity is developed after vaccination?
- A) Natural
- B) Acquired
- C) Passive
- D) Temporary
MCQs 351–400: Clinical Sciences, Microbiology, and Public Health
351. Which microorganism causes tuberculosis?
- A) Streptococcus pneumoniae
- B) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- C) Escherichia coli
- D) Staphylococcus aureus
352. Which test is used to diagnose diabetes?
- A) Widal test
- B) Fasting blood glucose
- C) ELISA
- D) Hb test
353. A vaccine provides which type of immunity?
- A) Passive natural
- B) Active artificial
- C) Active natural
- D) Passive artificial
354. Which vitamin prevents scurvy?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin K
355. Which disease is caused by a virus?
- A) Typhoid
- B) Tuberculosis
- C) Influenza
- D) Cholera
356. Which organ produces insulin?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Pancreas
- D) Stomach
357. Which bacteria is used in the production of yogurt?
- A) Streptococcus mutans
- B) Escherichia coli
- C) Lactobacillus
- D) Salmonella
358. Which part of the body is most commonly affected by malaria?
- A) Lungs
- B) Kidney
- C) Heart
- D) Red blood cells
359. What is the normal range of human body temperature?
- A) 95–96°F
- B) 97–99°F
- C) 100–101°F
- D) 93–94°F
360. Which is a non-communicable disease?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Measles
- C) Hepatitis A
- D) Mumps
361. What is the causative agent of AIDS?
- A) HIV
- B) HBV
- C) HCV
- D) HPV
362. Which vaccine is given at birth?
- A) Polio
- B) Measles
- C) BCG
- D) DPT
363. What is the incubation period of COVID-19?
- A) 1–2 days
- B) 2–14 days
- C) 20–25 days
- D) 5–7 weeks
364. Which vitamin helps in blood clotting?
- A) Vitamin K
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin A
365. Typhoid is transmitted through:
- A) Air
- B) Contaminated food and water
- C) Mosquito bite
- D) Insect bite
366. Hepatitis B affects which organ?
- A) Kidney
- B) Lungs
- C) Liver
- D) Heart
367. The BCG vaccine protects against:
- A) Hepatitis B
- B) Tetanus
- C) Tuberculosis
- D) Typhoid
368. What is the full form of MRI?
- A) Magnetic Resonance Imaging
- B) Molecular Radiology Integration
- C) Medical Radiology Imaging
- D) Magnetic Radiology Insertion
369. Who discovered the polio vaccine?
- A) Edward Jenner
- B) Jonas Salk
- C) Louis Pasteur
- D) Alexander Fleming
370. Normal blood pressure is:
- A) 150/100 mmHg
- B) 120/80 mmHg
- C) 100/60 mmHg
- D) 130/90 mmHg
MCQs 371–400: Final Set – Public Health, Pathology & Diagnostics
371. What is the causative agent of malaria?
- A) Bacteria
- B) Plasmodium
- C) Virus
- D) Fungus
372. Anemia is caused due to deficiency of:
- A) Iodine
- B) Calcium
- C) Iron
- D) Vitamin D
373. Which disease is characterized by high blood sugar?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Diabetes mellitus
- C) Arthritis
- D) Jaundice
374. ECG is used to diagnose diseases of the:
- A) Heart
- B) Brain
- C) Lungs
- D) Liver
375. The most abundant element in the human body is:
- A) Oxygen
- B) Carbon
- C) Hydrogen
- D) Nitrogen
376. What is the normal pulse rate in adults?
- A) 40–60 bpm
- B) 60–100 bpm
- C) 100–120 bpm
- D) 30–50 bpm
377. The causative agent of pneumonia is:
- A) Plasmodium
- B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
- C) HIV
- D) E. coli
378. Which mineral is necessary for the formation of hemoglobin?
- A) Calcium
- B) Iodine
- C) Iron
- D) Zinc
379. Which of the following is a zoonotic disease?
- A) Malaria
- B) Tuberculosis
- C) Rabies
- D) Typhoid
380. What does BMI stand for?
- A) Body Mass Index
- B) Basic Metabolism Indicator
- C) Body Muscle Indicator
- D) Blood Mass Index
381. Which vitamin is known as the sunshine vitamin?
- A) Vitamin D
- B) Vitamin C
- C) Vitamin A
- D) Vitamin B12
382. Rickets is a disease of the:
- A) Lungs
- B) Bones
- C) Brain
- D) Skin
383. Which organ secretes adrenaline?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Pituitary
- C) Pancreas
- D) Adrenal gland
384. Which test is used to detect pregnancy?
- A) CBC
- B) hCG test
- C) ESR
- D) Widal test
385. Which blood cells help in fighting infections?
- A) White blood cells
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma cells
386. Which part of the brain regulates balance and coordination?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla
- D) Pons
387. Goiter is caused by the deficiency of:
- A) Iron
- B) Iodine
- C) Calcium
- D) Zinc
388. Which organ stores bile?
- A) Gallbladder
- B) Liver
- C) Stomach
- D) Pancreas
389. Hemophilia is a disease of:
- A) Heart
- B) Bones
- C) Blood clotting
- D) Liver
390. What is the full form of DNA?
- A) Deoxyribonucleic Acid
- B) Dextrose Nuclear Acid
- C) Dinucleotide Acid
- D) Dual Nucleic Acid
391. Which gland controls metabolism?
- A) Pituitary
- B) Thyroid
- C) Pancreas
- D) Adrenal
392. Which disease is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D?
- A) Scurvy
- B) Rickets
- C) Beriberi
- D) Pellagra
393. What is the main organ affected by hepatitis?
- A) Heart
- B) Lungs
- C) Liver
- D) Kidney
394. Which hormone regulates sleep-wake cycles?
- A) Insulin
- B) Melatonin
- C) Cortisol
- D) Estrogen
395. Which test is used to detect tuberculosis?
- A) ELISA
- B) CT Scan
- C) Mantoux test
- D) MRI
396. What is the name of the protein in hair and nails?
- A) Keratin
- B) Collagen
- C) Elastin
- D) Myosin
397. Which is the smallest bone in the human body?
- A) Radius
- B) Stapes
- C) Ulna
- D) Femur
398. Which gas is most important for respiration?
- A) Carbon dioxide
- B) Oxygen
- C) Hydrogen
- D) Nitrogen
399. Normal human pregnancy lasts for:
- A) 9 months (40 weeks)
- B) 6 months
- C) 10 months
- D) 8 months
400. What is the largest organ in the human body?
- A) Skin
- B) Liver
- C) Brain
- D) Lung
MCQs 401–450: Advanced Clinical & Biomedical Sciences
401. Which of the following blood components is responsible for oxygen transport?
- A) Hemoglobin
- B) Platelets
- C) Plasma
- D) WBCs
402. Which antibody is found in breast milk?
- A) IgG
- B) IgM
- C) IgA
- D) IgE
403. Which part of the nephron is responsible for filtration?
- A) Glomerulus
- B) Loop of Henle
- C) Distal tubule
- D) Collecting duct
404. Which bone is the longest in the human body?
- A) Tibia
- B) Femur
- C) Humerus
- D) Radius
405. Which cranial nerve is responsible for vision?
- A) Optic nerve (II)
- B) Facial nerve (VII)
- C) Vagus nerve (X)
- D) Olfactory nerve (I)
406. Which gland is both endocrine and exocrine?
- A) Thyroid
- B) Pancreas
- C) Adrenal
- D) Pituitary
407. What is the function of alveoli in lungs?
- A) Pump blood
- B) Gas exchange
- C) Filter air
- D) Protect lungs
408. Which is the pacemaker of the heart?
- A) AV Node
- B) SA Node
- C) Bundle of His
- D) Purkinje fibers
409. What is the pH of human blood?
- A) 6.8
- B) 7.0
- C) 7.4
- D) 8.0
410. Which vitamin is synthesized in the skin in sunlight?
- A) Vitamin D
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin K
411. Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels?
- A) Insulin
- B) Glucagon
- C) Adrenaline
- D) Cortisol
412. Which of the following is an autoimmune disease?
- A) Tuberculosis
- B) Rheumatoid arthritis
- C) Asthma
- D) Anemia
413. The master gland of the endocrine system is:
- A) Thyroid
- B) Adrenal
- C) Pineal
- D) Pituitary
414. The tricuspid valve is located between:
- A) Right atrium and right ventricle
- B) Left atrium and left ventricle
- C) Aorta and left ventricle
- D) Pulmonary artery and right ventricle
415. Which organ produces urea?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Bladder
- D) Lungs
416. The red bone marrow is the site for:
- A) Energy storage
- B) Blood cell production
- C) Fat storage
- D) Protein digestion
417. The normal count of WBCs per microliter of blood is:
- A) 1,000–3,000
- B) 4,000–11,000
- C) 12,000–20,000
- D) 500–1,000
418. Which type of RNA carries amino acids?
- A) mRNA
- B) tRNA
- C) rRNA
- D) snRNA
419. Which part of the brain controls voluntary movement?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Cerebrum
- C) Medulla
- D) Thalamus
420. Which vitamin helps in calcium absorption?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin K
- C) Vitamin B12
- D) Vitamin D
MCQs 421–450: Physiology, Microbiology & Public Health
421. The function of platelets in the blood is:
- A) Oxygen transport
- B) Fighting infection
- C) Blood clotting
- D) Hormone transport
422. Which microorganism causes tuberculosis?
- A) Streptococcus pyogenes
- B) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- C) Staphylococcus aureus
- D) Salmonella typhi
423. The smallest functional unit of the kidney is:
- A) Alveolus
- B) Nephron
- C) Glomerulus
- D) Neuron
424. The basic unit of the nervous system is:
- A) Axon
- B) Dendrite
- C) Neuron
- D) Synapse
425. Which organ detoxifies harmful substances in the human body?
- A) Kidney
- B) Liver
- C) Lungs
- D) Spleen
426. Which type of immunity is passed from mother to child through placenta?
- A) Active immunity
- B) Passive immunity
- C) Natural immunity
- D) Acquired immunity
427. Hepatitis B virus primarily affects the:
- A) Lungs
- B) Kidneys
- C) Liver
- D) Pancreas
428. Which vitamin is essential for blood clotting?
- A) Vitamin D
- B) Vitamin K
- C) Vitamin A
- D) Vitamin C
429. What is the normal range of human body temperature?
- A) 36.0°C – 36.5°C
- B) 36.5°C – 37.5°C
- C) 37.5°C – 38.5°C
- D) 35.0°C – 36.0°C
430. Which blood group is known as the universal donor?
- A) AB+
- B) O+
- C) O−
- D) A−
431. Which test is used to measure blood glucose level?
- A) WBC count
- B) Fasting blood sugar
- C) ESR
- D) Hemoglobin test
432. HIV primarily affects which type of cells?
- A) B-cells
- B) T-helper cells (CD4+)
- C) RBCs
- D) Neutrophils
433. The disease caused by deficiency of insulin is:
- A) Hypertension
- B) Diabetes mellitus
- C) Rickets
- D) Anemia
434. The enzyme pepsin acts in the:
- A) Mouth
- B) Stomach
- C) Pancreas
- D) Intestine
435. The largest artery in the human body is:
- A) Aorta
- B) Pulmonary artery
- C) Femoral artery
- D) Carotid artery
436. Which instrument is used to measure blood pressure?
- A) Thermometer
- B) Sphygmomanometer
- C) Stethoscope
- D) ECG machine
437. Antibodies are produced by:
- A) RBCs
- B) B lymphocytes
- C) T lymphocytes
- D) Platelets
438. The common name for epistaxis is:
- A) Toothache
- B) Nosebleed
- C) Headache
- D) Fever
439. What is the scientific name of red blood cells?
- A) Leukocytes
- B) Thrombocytes
- C) Erythrocytes
- D) Neutrophils
440. Which structure connects muscles to bones?
- A) Tendons
- B) Ligaments
- C) Cartilage
- D) Fascia
MCQs 451–500: Final Questions – Medical Sciences Review
451. Which part of the brain controls balance and coordination?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Cerebellum
- C) Medulla
- D) Hypothalamus
452. Which disease is caused by a deficiency of Vitamin C?
- A) Scurvy
- B) Rickets
- C) Night blindness
- D) Pellagra
453. What is the normal respiratory rate for adults?
- A) 6–10 breaths/min
- B) 12–20 breaths/min
- C) 20–30 breaths/min
- D) 30–40 breaths/min
454. Which blood component helps fight infection?
- A) White blood cells
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
455. The pituitary gland is located in which part of the brain?
- A) Cerebrum
- B) Hypothalamus
- C) Pons
- D) Medulla oblongata
456. Which test is used to check liver function?
- A) CBC
- B) Blood urea test
- C) LFT
- D) RFT
457. A person with AB+ blood group can receive blood from:
- A) All blood groups
- B) Only AB+
- C) A+ and B+
- D) O+
458. What is the function of hemoglobin?
- A) Carry oxygen
- B) Produce antibodies
- C) Fight infections
- D) Store calcium
459. Rickets is caused by the deficiency of:
- A) Vitamin C
- B) Vitamin A
- C) Vitamin D
- D) Vitamin K
460. Which organ is responsible for filtering blood?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Heart
- D) Lungs
461. The structure that prevents food from entering the windpipe is:
- A) Uvula
- B) Epiglottis
- C) Larynx
- D) Pharynx
462. Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?
- A) Right atrium
- B) Left atrium
- C) Right ventricle
- D) Left ventricle
463. A complete blood count (CBC) includes:
- A) WBC count
- B) Hemoglobin
- C) Platelet count
- D) All of the above
464. The fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord is:
- A) CSF (Cerebrospinal Fluid)
- B) Blood plasma
- C) Synovial fluid
- D) Lymph
465. The natural pacemaker of the heart is:
- A) SA node
- B) AV node
- C) Bundle of His
- D) Purkinje fibers
MCQs 466–500: Final Medical Knowledge Round-Up
466. Which organ is affected by nephritis?
- A) Liver
- B) Kidney
- C) Heart
- D) Lungs
467. Which mineral is essential for the formation of hemoglobin?
- A) Calcium
- B) Iron
- C) Sodium
- D) Zinc
468. What does ECG stand for?
- A) Electrochemical Graph
- B) Electrocardiogram
- C) Electrode Central Grid
- D) Electrical Current Gauge
469. Which part of the eye controls the amount of light entering?
- A) Retina
- B) Cornea
- C) Iris
- D) Lens
470. The main function of red blood cells is to:
- A) Fight infections
- B) Form clots
- C) Digest fats
- D) Carry oxygen
471. Goiter is caused by the deficiency of:
- A) Iron
- B) Zinc
- C) Calcium
- D) Iodine
472. Which structure in the cell is responsible for energy production?
- A) Nucleus
- B) Ribosome
- C) Mitochondria
- D) Golgi body
473. How many pairs of cranial nerves are there?
- A) 10
- B) 12
- C) 14
- D) 16
474. Which hormone controls the sleep-wake cycle?
- A) Insulin
- B) Melatonin
- C) Adrenaline
- D) Estrogen
475. What is the normal pH of human blood?
- A) 6.5
- B) 7.0
- C) 7.4
- D) 8.0
476. Which vitamin is known as retinol?
- A) Vitamin C
- B) Vitamin D
- C) Vitamin A
- D) Vitamin K
477. Which blood vessel carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs?
- A) Aorta
- B) Pulmonary artery
- C) Pulmonary vein
- D) Superior vena cava
478. Which part of the brain controls breathing and heartbeat?
- A) Cerebellum
- B) Cerebrum
- C) Medulla oblongata
- D) Pons
479. What is the structural and functional unit of the lungs?
- A) Bronchi
- B) Trachea
- C) Pleura
- D) Alveoli
480. Which part of the digestive system absorbs most nutrients?
- A) Stomach
- B) Large intestine
- C) Small intestine
- D) Esophagus
481. The normal range for systolic blood pressure is:
- A) 90–120 mmHg
- B) 80–100 mmHg
- C) 100–140 mmHg
- D) 120–160 mmHg
482. Which hormone regulates blood calcium levels?
- A) Insulin
- B) Glucagon
- C) Parathyroid hormone
- D) Estrogen
483. What is the primary function of the large intestine?
- A) Absorb water and electrolytes
- B) Digest proteins
- C) Absorb fats
- D) Secrete insulin
484. Which disease is also called “the silent killer”?
- A) Diabetes
- B) Hypertension
- C) Asthma
- D) Tuberculosis
485. What is the universal recipient blood group?
- A) AB+
- B) AB−
- C) O−
- D) A+
486. Which organ secretes bile?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Liver
- C) Gallbladder
- D) Stomach
487. Which disease affects insulin production?
- A) Hypertension
- B) Diabetes
- C) Anemia
- D) Asthma
488. Which gland is located in the neck and regulates metabolism?
- A) Adrenal gland
- B) Pituitary gland
- C) Thyroid gland
- D) Pancreas
489. Which blood component helps in clotting?
- A) Plasma
- B) Platelets
- C) Red cells
- D) White cells
490. What is the function of the pancreas in digestion?
- A) Absorbs nutrients
- B) Produces digestive enzymes
- C) Stores bile
- D) Filters toxins
491. Which part of the ear maintains balance?
- A) Semicircular canals
- B) Cochlea
- C) Eustachian tube
- D) Tympanic membrane
492. Which vitamin prevents night blindness?
- A) Vitamin A
- B) Vitamin B
- C) Vitamin C
- D) Vitamin D
493. Which is the largest gland in the human body?
- A) Pancreas
- B) Liver
- C) Thyroid
- D) Salivary gland
494. Which hormone controls sugar levels in blood?
- A) Insulin
- B) Thyroxine
- C) Adrenaline
- D) Estrogen
495. Which system transports nutrients and oxygen to cells?
- A) Nervous system
- B) Circulatory system
- C) Digestive system
- D) Excretory system
496. What is the name of the process by which cells divide?
- A) Osmosis
- B) Respiration
- C) Photosynthesis
- D) Mitosis
497. What is the term for white blood cell formation?
- A) Hemopoiesis
- B) Leukopoiesis
- C) Thrombopoiesis
- D) Erythropoiesis
498. What is the smallest bone in the human body?
- A) Ulna
- B) Stapes
- C) Radius
- D) Fibula
499. Which blood component is most abundant?
- A) White blood cells
- B) Red blood cells
- C) Platelets
- D) Plasma
500. What is the medical term for high blood pressure?
- A) Hypotension
- B) Hypertension
- C) Arrhythmia
- D) Bradycardia
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